Xây Dựng và Kiến Trúc: Santiago Calatrava, kiến trúc sư người Tây Ban Nha

Santiago Calatrava (sinh ngày 28 tháng 7 năm 1951) là một kiến trúc sư người Tây Ban Nha nổi tiếng trên toàn thế giới vì chất thơ, vẻ đẹp hữu cơ giàu tính điêu khắc của kết cấu kiến trúc. Ông đã nhận được Huy chương vàng AIA.
Những tác phẩm nổi bật của ông:
Đã hoàn thành:

Trinity Bridge, footbridge over River Irwell,ở Salford, England 1995
Oberbaumbrücke,ở Berlin, Germany (1896) rebuilt and opened on 9 November 1994
An U-Bahn train crosses the Oberbaumbrücke
Alameda Bridge and metro station,ở Valencia, Spain
1983-1984, Jakem Steel Warehouse,ở Munchwilen, Switzerland
1983-1985, Ernsting Warehouse,ở Coesfeld, Germany
1983-1988, Wohlen High School, ở Wohlen, Switzerland
1983-1990, Stadelhofen Railway Station,ở Zürich, Switzerland
Zürich Stadelhofen
1983-1989, Lucerne Station Hall,ở Lucerne, Switzerland
1984-1987, Bac de Roda Bridge,ở Barcelona, Spain
1984-1988, Barenmatte Community Center,ở Suhr, Switzerland,
1986-1987, Tabourettli Theater,ở Basel, Switzerland,
1987-1992, BCE Place (atrium), ở Toronto, Canada
1989-1994, TGV Station ,ở Lyon, France
1992, Puente del Alamillo,ở Seville, Spain The Alamillo
1992, Puente de Lusitania,ở Mérida, Spain
1992, Montjuic Communications Tower at the Olympic Ring,ở Barcelona, Spain
1992, World's Fair, Kuwaiti Pavilion,ở Seville, Spain
Expo'92 Seville.
1994-1997, Campo Volantin Footbridge,ở Bilbao, Spain
1996-2009, Ciutat de les Arts i les Ciències,ở Valencia, Spain
1996, Centro Internacional de Ferias y Congresos de Tenerife, Santa Cruz de Tenerife (Santa Cruz de Tenerife (province), Tenerife, Canary island, Spain)
1998, Estação do Oriente or (Gare do Oriente),ở Lisbon, Portugal
2000, New terminal at Bilbao Airport, Bilbao, Spain
2001, Milwaukee Art Museum,ở Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S.
2001, Puente de la Mujer,ở Puerto Madero barrio of Buenos Aires, Argentina
2003, James Joyce Bridge, bridge over River Liffey,ở Dublin, Ireland
2003, Auditorio de Tenerife, the architect’s first performing arts facility,ở Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
2004, redesign of Athens Olympic Sports Complex,ở Athens, Greece
2004, Sundial Bridge at Turtle Bay,ở Redding, California, USA
2004, Three bridges (called Harp, Cittern and Lute) spanning the main canal ởHaarlemmermeer, Netherlands
2004, University of Zurich, "Bibliothekseinbau" library remodelling,ở Zürich, Switzerland
2005, The bridge connecting the Ovnat shopping mall and the Rabin Medical Center (Beilinson) ở Petah Tikva, Israel
2005, Turning Torso,ở Malmö, Sweden
2007, 3 Bridges on the A1 Motorway and TAV Railway,ở Reggio Emilia, Italy
2008, Chords Bridge at the entrance ở Jerusalem, Israel
2008, Ponte della Costituzione footbridge from Piazzale Roma over the Grand Canal,ở Venice, Italy
2009, Liège-Guillemins TGV Railway Station,ở Liège, Belgium
2009, Samuel Beckett Bridge, bridge over River Liffey,ở Dublin, Ireland

Đang xây dựng:

Sundial Bridge at Turtle Bay ở Redding, California.
World Trade Center Transportation Hub,ở New York City, U.S.
Atlanta Symphony Center,ở Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.
Palacio de Exposiciones y Congresos,ở Oviedo, Spain
Chicago Spire,ở Chicago, U.S.
Margaret Hunt Hill Bridge,ở Dallas, Texas, U.S.
City Entrance Bridge, also known as 'Chords Bridge' Jerusalem,ở Israel
Medio Padana TAV Station,ở Reggio Emilia, Italy
Maastricht University Campus,ở Maastricht, Netherlands
Palma de Mallorca's Opera, ở Spain
High-rise buildings on stilts on the River Liffey ở Dublin
Caja Madrid Obelisk,ở Madrid, Spain
Peace Bridge,ở Calgary, Canada
New railway station ở Mons, Belgium
Train Station and Two Bridges ở Denver International Airport
Reichstag ở Berlin & dự án East London River Crossing.Reichstag building, 2006

Chưa hề xây:

1991 Collserola communications tower ở Barcelona. A tower shaped like a big white spaceship was proposed, but Norman Foster ultimately designed the tower.
A campus building for Ryerson University ở Toronto, Canada. His design was dropped for a less expensive design.
New cathedral for the Diocese ở Oakland, California, USA. Preliminary design dropped in favor of that by local architect Craig Hartman (Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, San Francisco).
New bridge across Cávado River,ở Barcelos, Portugal. It was dropped due to lack of funds.
Substitute bridge (Wettstein Bridge) across Rhine River,ở Basel, Switzerland. It did not pass the cantonal referendum. A less expensive (and arguably less innovative) bridge was built instead.
80 South Street, 835 foot tall stack of 10 condominium units ở New York City'sEast River, starting at $27 Million each.

Giải thưởng

Calatrava được nhiều giải thưởng. Năm 1990, ông nhận huy chương "Médaille d´Argent de la Recherche et de la Technique", Paris. Năm 1992, ông nhận huy chương vàng - Gold Medal từ Institution of Structural Engineers. Năm 1993, Museum of Modern Art ở New York tổ chức triển lãm “Structure and Expression." Năm 1998, ông được nhận vào Viện Hàn Lâm Văn học & Nghệ thuật("Les Arts et Lettres,") ở Paris. Năm 2004, ông nhận huy chương Gold Medal từ American Institute of Architects(AIA).

Năm 2005, Calatrava nhận Eugene McDermott Award từ Council for the Arts of MIT - giải thưởng dành riêng cho người Mỹ.

1979 August Perret Award
1992 London Institution of Structural Engineers Gold Medal
1993 Toronto Municipality Urban Design Award
1996 Gold Medal for Excellence in the Fine Arts from the Granada Ministry of Culture
1999 Prince of Asturias Award in Arts
2000 Algur H. Meadows Award for Excellence in the Arts from the Meadows School of the Arts, Southern Methodist University
2005 American Institute of Architects Gold Medal
2006 Eugene McDermott Award in the Arts from the Council for the Arts atMIT,(Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
2006 Honorary Engineering Degree from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Designation as a Global Leader for Tomorrow by the World Economic Forum in Davos
2007 Awarded with the Spanish National Architecture Award